ASCII Full Form - American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ASCII Full Form - American Standard Code for Information Interchange

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What is the Full Form of ASCII?

The full form of ASCII is American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

It is a 7-bit character code where every bit represents a unique character. It is an alphanumeric code to represent numbers, alphabets, symbols, etc. It was developed in the USA and operated by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). ASCII is an old encoding method name and categorized under ISO 646 series.

ASCII Full Form - American Standard Code for Information Interchange

It is a standard data-transmission code that is used by less powerful computers to represent textual data as well as non-input device commands. It converts information into digital formats allowing computers to communicate with each other and to process/store data. This code was originally developed for teletypewriters but later, it found wide applications in personal computers.

The ASCII code uses 7-digit binary numbers, various sequences of 0's and 1's. The ASCII codes represent a total of 128 different characters as there are only 128 different possible combinations of seven 0's and 1's.


ASCII History

ASCII was first used in 1963 and shortly, it gained huge popularity in the computer world. It was first used as a 7-bit teleprinter code and was promoted by the Bell data services. Robert Bemer a.k.a. Bob Bemer is known as the father of ASCII as he helped in the development of the ASCII character code set and introduced several new characters.

Originally, it is based on the English alphabet and it had a 6-bit character set when it was released but later became a 7-bit character set. It was the most common encoding method on the web until 2007 when UTF-8 surpassed it.


ASCII Features

The ASCII Format can be categorized into 3 sections which are:

1 1 to 31 - Control Codes

2 32 to 127 - Standard Characters

3 128 to 255 - Non-Standard Characters, Special Symbols and International Character Sets

Where control codes perform various display control operations. The standard and non-standard characters contain various punctuation marks, special characters, numeric digits, upper and lower case alphabetic symbols.


ASCII Future

ASCII Code is used by most computers to represent text. ASCII makes it possible to transfer data from one computer to another.

The ASCII encoding is not the finest collection set and that is why it is being replaced by Unicode character sets. Currently, operating systems based on DOS and UNIX only are using ASCII.

The text editors and word processors have the option to store data in ASCII format. However, it is not the default storage format and users have to manually select it while saving a document.


Advantage and Disadvantage of ASCII

Advantages:

  • It acts as a format for text files storing and sharing
  • File Documentation
  • It can collect characters from various languages
  • Quickly transferrable
  • It takes less space
  • It stores all alphanumeric characters
  • ASCII code is standardized
  • Disadvantages:

  • Only 128 Characters can be represented which are not enough for keyboards having special characters
  • 7-bit is not enough to represent large values
  • Does not encode many symbols
  • It is considered biased for English language character set

  • ASCII Examples/Codes

    The ASCII is a 7-bit code capable of representing 128 different characters. It is made up of two parts, the 3-bit group and the 4-bit code.

    The ASCII characters can be classified into 4 groups which are:

    1 Control Characters

    These are non-printable characters that are used to send commands to the PC or printer.

    2 Special Characters

    These are all printable characters excluding letters and numbers.

    3 Numbers

    It contains 10 Arabic numerals from 0 to 9.

    4 Letters

    It contains a group of uppercase letters as well as a group of lowercase letters.


  • ASCII Code table in binary, decimal and hexadecimal form: -

Control Characters

ASCII Symbol
Binary
Decimal
Hexadecimal
NUL
0000000
0
0
SOH
0000001
1
1
STX
0000010
2
2
ETX
0000011
3
3
EOT
0000100
4
4
ENQ
0000101
5
5
ACK
0000110
6
6
BEL
0000111
7
7
BS
0001000
8
8
TAB (HT)
0001001
9
9
LF
0001010
10
A
VT
0001011
11
B
FF
0001100
12
C
CR
0001101
13
D
SO
0001110
14
E
SI
0001111
15
F
DLE
0010000
16
10
DC1
0010001
17
11
DC2
0010010
18
12
DC3
0010011
19
13
DC4
0010100
20
14
NAK
0010101
21
15
SYN
0010110
22
16
ETB
0010111
23
17
CAN
0011000
24
18
EM
0011001
25
19
SUB
0011010
26
1A
ESC
0011011
27
1B
FS
0011100
28
1C
GS
0011101
29
1D
RS
0011110
30
1E
US
0011111
31
1F

Special Characters:

SP
0100000
32
20
!
0100001
33
21
"
0100010
34
22
#
0100011
35
23
$
0100100
36
24
%
0100101
37
25
&
0100110
38
26
'
0100111
39
27
(
0101000
40
28
)
0101001
41
29
*
0101010
42
2A
+
0101011
43
2B
,
0101100
44
2C
-
0101101
45
2D
.
0101110
46
2E
/
0101111
47
2F
:
0111010
58
3A
;
0111011
59
3B
<
0111100
60
3C
[
1011011
91
5B
]
1011101
93
5D
_
1011111
95
5F

Numbers:

0
0110000
48
30
1
0110001
49
31
2
0110010
50
32
3
0110011
51
33
4
0110100
52
34
5
0110101
53
35
6
0110110
54
36
7
0110111
55
37
8
0111000
56
38
9
0111001
57
39

Letters:

A
1000001
65
41
B
1000010
66
42
C
1000011
67
43
D
1000100
68
44
E
1000101
69
45
F
1000110
70
46
G
1000111
71
47
H
1001000
72
48

and so on...

i
1101001
105
69
j
1101010
106
6A
k
1101011
107
6B
l
1101100
108
6C
m
1101101
109
6D
n
1101110
110
6E
o
1101111
111
6F
p
1110000
112
70

and so on...



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