Library function in C
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Library functions in C offer pre-written code that can be utilized to perform various tasks efficiently.
These functions are categorized into two types: standard library functions and user-defined functions.
Standard Library Functions
Standard library functions are provided by the C standard library and are available for use in any C program.
They cover a wide range of tasks, including input/output operations, string manipulation, mathematical computations, memory management, and more.
Examples include printf(), scanf(), strlen(), malloc(), strcpy(), etc.
Standard library functions simplify programming tasks by providing ready-made solutions for common operations.
User-Defined Functions:
User-defined functions are created by programmers to perform specific tasks within a program.
They encapsulate a set of instructions and can be called multiple times from different parts of the program.
User-defined functions enhance code readability, modularity, and reusability.
They allow programmers to break down complex tasks into smaller, more manageable units.
Advantages of Library Functions:
Efficiency: Library functions are optimized for performance and have been thoroughly tested for reliability, ensuring efficient execution of tasks.
Time-Saving: By utilizing pre-written functions, programmers can save time and effort, avoiding the need to reinvent the wheel for common tasks.
Portability: Standard library functions are part of the C standard, making them highly portable across different platforms and compilers.
Consistency: Standard library functions adhere to standardized specifications, promoting code consistency and interoperability.
Example:
Program 1: Using a Standard Library Function (printf())
// Program for Using a Standard Library Function (printf()) #include<stdio.h>int main() { int num = 10; // Using printf() to display the value of num printf("The value of num is: %d\n", num); return 0; }
Output:
The value of num is: 10
Program 2: Creating a User-Defined Function
// Program for Creating a User-Defined Function #include<stdio.h>// Function to calculate the square of a number int square(int x) { return x * x; } int main() { int num = 5; // Calling the user-defined function square() and printing the result printf("The square of %d is: %d\n", num, square(num)); return 0; }
Output:
The square of 5 is: 25
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