Unary Operator in C

In C programming, unary operators operate on a single operand.

There are several unary operators in C, including:

1 Increment (++):

Increases the value of the operand by 1.

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2 Decrement (--):

Decreases the value of the operand by 1.

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3 Address-of (&):

Returns the memory address of the operand.

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4 Pointer Indirection (*):

Returns the value at the address specified by its operand.

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5 Unary Plus (+):

Returns the operand's value.

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6 Unary Minus (-):

Returns the negative value of the operand.

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7 Logical NOT (!):

Inverts the logical state of the operand.

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8 Bitwise NOT (~):

Inverts each bit of the operand.

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Examples:

Increment and Decrement Operators:

// Program for Increment and decrement operator 
#include<stdio.h> 

int main() {
    int c = 5, d = 10;
    
    printf("Initial values of c and d are : c = %d, d = %d\n", c, d);
    
    ++c; // Increment c
    --d; // Decrement d
    
    printf("After incrementing and decrementing d the value becomes: c = %d, d = %d\n", c, d);
    
    return 0;
}

Output:

Initial values of c and d are : c = 5, d = 10
After incrementing and decrementing d the value becomes: c = 6, d = 9

Address-of and Pointer Indirection Operators:

// Program for Address of and pointer Indirection Operators
#include<stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num = 20;
    int *ptr = # // Pointer to num
    
    printf("Value of num: %d\n", num);
    printf("Address of num: %p\n", &num);
    printf("Value at address stored in ptr: %d\n", *ptr);
    
    return 0;
}

Output:

Value of num: 20
Address of num: 0x7ffcaf9e61d4
Value at address stored in ptr: 20

Unary Plus and Minus Operators:

// Program for unary plus and minus operators
#include<stdio.h> 

int main() {
    int num = 5;
    
    printf("Unary Plus (+num): %d\n", +num);
    printf("Unary Minus (-num): %d\n", -num);
    
    return 0;
}

Output:

Unary Plus (+num): 5
Unary Minus (-num): -5

Logical NOT and Bitwise NOT Operators:

// Program for logical NOT and Bitwise NOT Operators
#include<stdio.h> 

int main() {
    int a = 0, b = 5;
    
    printf("Logical NOT (!a): %d\n", !a); // 1 (true)
    printf("Logical NOT (!b): %d\n", !b); // 0 (false)
    
    printf("Bitwise NOT (~a): %d\n", ~a); // -1
    printf("Bitwise NOT (~b): %d\n", ~b); // -6
    
    return 0;
}

Output:

Logical NOT (!a): 1
Logical NOT (!b): 0
Bitwise NOT (~a): -1
Bitwise NOT (~b): -6

These examples demonstrate the basic usage of unary operators in C.

Each operator has specific use cases and behaviors that make it essential for various programming tasks.